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Critical analysis of a Injury Prevention Program.
You need to analyse the paper well.
Follow the format below:
Don’t be particular group of people i.e male Caucasian 15 years old. As it will be biased
To critically appraise scientific papers
Rigorous = conducted properly >> need to know: various study design, indication of each design, strength and weakness of each design, ideal implantation of each DESIGN
• Be critical don’t just trust what authors claim to be their design!
• What impacts those compromise the authors?
Key concepts: know the difference between them
• Observational studies
o Assess exposure to one group study or more than one group cohort study
• Interventional studies
Strength an weakness:
• Casuality , casual relationship, diresction of casuality, association
• Temporal
• A
• A
Population and sample
• Note the study population
Sampling:
• Quantitative studies: the more the better, the ideal is random sampling
• Qualitative study: number doesn’t matter
Data collection
• Look at:
o Tools, procedure, personnel
• Validation,…., look for terms
Data analysis
• Measure central tendency
• Survival analysis
Main and secondary findings:
• One sentence that summaries findings
Significance of findings
• Compare Statical and clinical significance
• The example p=0.02 as we know p<0.05 is significance but it can be statistically significance but not clinically, so know the context of significance
• OR=4.3
In the assignment, try to answer these questions Please.
1. Research Aim or Question
a. What is the research question or aim of the study?
2. Study Design
a. What is the study design? b. What are the strengths and limitations of this study design? c. Can this study design answer the research question?
3. Study Population and Sampling
a. What is the study population? b. What is the sample size? How was it determined? c. What are potential sources of selection bias in the sample? d. Is the final sample adequate? What was the loss to follow up?
4. Data Collection
a. What data has been collected? b. What data collection tools or methods were used? c. Are the tools valid (measure what they are supposed to measure)? d. Are the tools reliable (consistent results on multiple occasions)?
5. Data Analysis
a. What (statistical) methods were used to analyse the data? b. What are the potential confounders? c. How were confounding variables dealt with?
6. Main Findings
a. What were the key findings? b. Are they statistically significant? What are the p values, 95% CI? c. What is the size of any effects? Does an effect of this size matter?
7. Do the findings matter?
a. Did the study answer the research question? b. What does the study add? c. What questions are left unanswered?