Stem Cell Research: Ethical Issues

EXEMPLIFICATION ESSAY WRITING WORKSHOP

 

Question:  What is this workshop designed to do?

Answer:   Writing a well-developed exemplification (illustration) essay.

 

 Exemplification/Illustration essay is an essay which is developed by using examples.

 

  

 

Step 1:  Choose a topic.

Step 2:  Narrow the topic

Step 3:  Write a clear and specific thesis statement

 

Question:  What is a thesis statement?

Answers:   1. limits the topic to a workable scope

                  2. unifies the points made in the body paragraphs

                  3. asserts a provable conviction

                  4. is specific

 

Statement:  A thesis statement is not:

                   1) An announcement of the subject — “In this paper I will discuss the reasons                                                                                       students drop out of college.”

                   2) An indisputable fact — “Some students drop out.”

                   3) An unsupportable opinion — College is a useless pursuit.”

 

 

The thesis statement is the most important element of the essay.  It is the central idea around which the entire essay is written.

 

            — Everything before the thesis statement leads to it.

            — Everything after the thesis statement reflects it.

 

 

Essay Guidelines

1)  All paragraphs 5-7 sentences

2)  No 2nd person (you or your) unless in dialogue

            Use 1st (I, me, we, us, our) or 3rd (he, she, it, one, they, them, their)

3)  Provide a title reflective of the essay 

            Do not underline or italicize.  Do not place quotation marks.  Capitalize important words

4)  Reread text for grammar errors (p/a and s/v agreement, sentences errors, spelling, and    wording –clarity of expression)  

5) Vary sentence structure

 

Normal
0

false
false
false

EN-US
X-NONE
X-NONE

/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:”Table Normal”;
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:””;
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:”Times New Roman”,serif;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}


Title Reflective of the Essay

 

 

            The first paragraph of an essay is the introduction which can be written in several ways, depending on the type of essay written.  Two ways that one could form this introduction are by using general or background information about the topic which would lead to the thesis or by providing an anecdote which would lead to the thesis.              ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.  The thesis statement will be the last sentence of the introduction, and it will also include the three elements which will be discussed in the body paragraphs.

 

            First body paragraph’s topic sentence should introduce the first of the three discussion points stated in the thesis, including a transition so that fluidity between paragraphs exists.  Writers should stay focused in the discussion of the point introduced, providing supporting details which are essential (examples, facts, reasons, incident, description). 

            _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

 

           

            Second body paragraph’s topic sentence should introduce the second of the three discussion points stated in the thesis, including a transition so that fluidity between paragraphs exists.  Writers should stay focused in the discussion of the point introduced, providing supporting details which are essential.

            _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

 

 

            Third body paragraph’s topic sentence should introduce the last of the three discussion points stated in the thesis, including a transition so that fluidity between paragraphs exists.  Writers should stay focused in the discussion of the point introduced, providing supporting details which are essential.

            _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

 

 

            THE CONCLUSION:  What is the main point of writing the essay?  Writers never write just to write.  There should always be a purpose in writing an essay, and that purpose should be expressed in the conclusion.  The writers can ask themselves a series of question in order to become aware of the purpose.  For example, what did they learn or what is the logical end to the ideas presented?  The writers can also provide solutions and their benefits.  If there are no solutions, the writer should explain why.  What problems could be avoided?  In the end, what should be learned?  The thesis statement should not be rewritten verbatim.  The phrase “In conclusion” is not necessary at the beginning of the conclusion.

 

            ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.   


Anecdote:  a brief story

 

 

Vary sentence Types

 

Clause — contains a subject and a verb

 

Two types of:

 

            1) independent — are complete thoughts and can stand alone

            2) dependent — are not complete thought and cannot stand alone

 

1. Simple — one independent clause              

            Ex.  I walked into the room.               

 

2. Compound — two or more independent clauses

            Ex.  I walked into the room, and I sat in a chair.

 

3. Complex — one independent clause and one of more dependent clauses

            Ex.  I walked into the room because I could not float.

 

4. Compound-Complex — two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clause

            Ex. I walked into the room, and I sat in a chair because I did not want to sit on the floor.

 

 

Sentence Errors

 

Fragments — not a complete thought

 

Comma Splices — two independent clauses with one a comma separating them

            Ex. I walked into the room, I sat in a chair.

 

Fused Sentences also known as Run-on Sentences — two independent clauses with no                                                                                                                   punctuation separating them

            Ex. I walked into the room I sat in a chair.

 

 

 

 


Conjunctions — are connecting words used to signal transitions, such as addition, comparison,                                          and contrast.

 

Types of:

 

 1) Coordinating — join single words, phrases, clauses, and sentences

           

            List:  for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

 

2) Correlative — consists of two or more words, and joins single words, phrases, clauses, and                                           sentences

 

            List:  both . . . and, either . . . or, neither . . . not, not only . . . but also

 

3) Subordinating — makes a clause dependent and signals a connection that exists between the                                          dependent clause and the main clause

 

List:     after                                         in case                                     supposing that

            although                                  in that                                      than

            as (far/soon) as                        inasmuch as                             though

            as if                                         insofar as                                 till

            as though                                 lest                                           unless

            because                                    no matter how                         until

            before                                      now that                                  when, whenever

            even if                                     once                                         where, wherever

            even though                             provided (that)                         whether

            how                                         since                                        while

            if                                              so that                                      why

 

4) Conjunctive Adverbs — link independent clauses

 

List:     also                                          in addition                               now

            as a result                                in fact                                      of course

            besides                                    in other words                         on the other hand

            consequently                           in the first place                       otherwise

            finally                                      meanwhile                               still

            for example                             moreover                                 then

            for instance                              nevertheless                             therefore

            furthermore                             next                                         thus

            however

 


Transitions — Words, phrases, and sentences that relate ideas by linking sentences and                                           paragraphs.

 

Types of:

 

To show addition

and, also, besides, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, next, too, first, second

 

To give examples

for example, for instance, to illustrate, in fact, specifically

 

To compare

also, in the same manner, similarly, likewise

 

To contrast

but, however, on the other hand, in contrast, nevertheless, still, even though, on the contrary, yet, although

 

To summarize or conclude

in other words, in short, in summary, in conclusion , to sum up, that is, therefore

 

To show time

after, as before, next, during, later, finally, meanwhile, then, when, while, immediately

 

To show place or direction

above, below, beyond, farther on nearby, opposite, close, to the left

 

To indicate logical relationship

if, so therefore, consequently, thus as a result, for this reason, since