How did the competing religions of Islam and Christianity affect the development of the Mediterranean region?

How did the competing religions of Islam and Christianity affect the development of the Mediterranean region?
The answer must contain at least one footnote from the assigned textbook “The Heritage of World Civilizations, Volume 1, 10e”. Footnotes can be formatted
in either MLA or The Chicago Manual of Style. Instructor requires not to answer in generalities or vague statements. Points are earned by providing the
names, dates, details that support your ideas.