Assignment#11 (10PTS) CHAPTER 14 (PLANT & FUNGI) NAME:

1. What are the three main challenges a plant must overcome?
a. Sunlight, water, predators
b. Sunlight, sex, water
c. Water, sex, predators
d. Sunlight, sex, predators

2. As you walk in the woods, you see a flowering plant. You immediately know that it is a(n) _______.
a. non-vascular plant.
b. vascular seedless plant.
c. gymnosperm.
d. angiosperm.

3. Which characteristic supports the hypothesis that a coleochaete is a close relative to land plants?
a. Water resistance
b. Photosynthetic
c. Eukaryotic
d. Single celled

4. Which choice below is not a characteristic of seedless nonvascular plants (like ferns)?
a. Alternation of generations
b. Wind used for spore dispersal
c. Gametophyte dominance
d. Vessels that carry water
e. Vasculature that allows the plant to grow taller

5. Which choice below is not found in spores but can be found in seeds?
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. Endosperm
d. Embryo
e. Both c. and d.

6. Heartwood, pitch, and bark: conifers must have evolved protection from the presence of which predator?
a. Insects
b. Amphibians
c. Reptiles
d. Birds
e. Mammals
7. The pollen tube extends through which structure to the ovary?
a. Stigma
b. Style
c. Anther
d. Filament
e. sepal

8. The advantages to double fertilization include:
a. increased inbreeding.
b. smaller seeds.
c. creating endosperm from female gametophyte cells.
d. use of pollinators.

9. Which characteristic of fungi acts as evidence that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants?
a. Being sessile
b. Presence of a cell wall
c. Having a life cycle that includes a dikaryotic state
d. The sequence of fungal DNA
e. All of the above.

10. Which defense acts as a warning to other plants while also attracting predators of the attacking insect?
a. Spines and thorns
b. Methyl jasmonate (MJ)
c. Pitch
d. Alkaloid production
e. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)