QUESTION 1 A. Draw the structural details (sectional elevations and plan) of a pad footing foundation with the following design criteria: i. Footing dimensions: 2000 x 2000 x 300 ii. 1 Layer of bottom reinforcement to be #5 dia bars @ 200 centre to centre spacing – both ways. iii. 300 x 300 column to be placed at the centre of the pad reinforced with: a. 4 – #5 dia bars (Main Reinforcement) and b. #3 dia bars @ 150 centre to centre spacing (Shear Reinforcement) iv. 34 N/mm2 concrete to be used. B. Dimension and annotate the detail as required. C. List the various steps in order of how this detail would be constructed on site.

QUESTION 2 A. Draw a slab on grade detail with the following criteria: i. Slab to be 200 mm thick. ii. #65 Mesh Wire top and bottom iii. Place an expansion joint B. Dimension and annotate the detail as required. C. List the reasons why the construction joint may be needed.

QUESTION 3 A structural steel beam (W16x50) is to be connected to a structural steel column (W8x58) by means of an end plate bolted connection. The column is connected to a pile cap by means of a baseplate (20mm thick) bolted connection. A. Draw the beam to column connection detail. Use 8-M20 Bolts – Note: DO NOT DRAW THE ACTUAL BOLTS. B. Draw the column base plate connection detail to the pile cap. Show the anchor bolts in this connection detail. 

QUESTION 4 A parcel of land has the co-ordinates: 100.00, 200.00 15340.00, 250.00 30680.00, 15340.00 110.00, 15300.00 The extreme right of the parcel is the road side; the other sides are adjacent properties. The parcel is in a residential (R3) area. A. Draw the parcel of land and define the building setbacks. Shade the buildable area that would not encroach on the setbacks. B. Calculate this area and label it on the drawing. Dimensions are not necessary. C. State the local authority that is responsible for approving this buildable area. 

QUESTION 5 For this question students must: • Define (i) Domestic Construction, (ii) Commercial Construction and (iii) Industrial Construction. • Identify (i) a domestic building and (ii) a commercial, or industrial, structure in Trinidad or Tobago. • Discuss, with the aid of sketches, diagrams and photographs, the differences between the two types of structures. Include in your discussion a comparison of the building shell, substructure, drainage and any other elements noted. Suggest reasons why the elements of the superstructure, substructure etc. differ. • Discuss what you would expect the site preparation for each structure to entail given its location, its footprint (i.e. the area it covers), its foundation type, and its intended use. • What local codes and standards would the Designer have had to adhere to before approval was obtained to build? Include what local agency is responsible for granting approvals of structural designs of (i) Domestic Construction and (ii) Industrial Construction. Include a brief description of what the approvals process is like for (i) Domestic Construction and (ii) Commercial and/or Industrial Construction in Trinidad and Tobago.