13. State and explain Mill’s Criterion or Fundamental Principle of Morality. Be sure to explain the basic concept of utility. Explain what this principle says is the
right thing to do in the trolley example and the fat man example. Be sure to connect the principle to your answer of what is the right thing to do according to
Mill.
14. A basic issue with respect to the Divine Theory was that in an example like the Trolley Example, it is not at all clear what, according to the theory, is the
right thing to do Does God command you to turn or not to turn the trolley? The answer to this question depends on one’s religious commitment. We do not
have a direct line to God for advice. The theory does not help us in determining what the right things to do in this case. By contrast, Mill’s theory, Utilitarianism
(Act Utilitarianism) had the advantage that it did not suffer from this problem. Explain the basis of Mill’s Theory (Hint: Hedonism and Consequentialism) .
Explain why basing the theory on these concepts avoided the issue that arose for the Divine Command Theory),
15.Doctrine of Swine Clarification – Mill says that Utilitarianism has been criticized as being a doctrine worthy of pigs or swine. Explain this criticism. Explain
how Mill clarifies his theory so that Utilitarianism does not suffer from this problem.