The answer constitutes a 3000-word essay, all answers should engage fully with current academic debate, in
addition to case studies, and practical and policy matters where relevant. The essay word count includes
footnotes, but not the bibliography or any text in figures. The answer should have excellent command of
intellectual, practical and/or policy debates, and making a contribution to them. Demonstrates a very highlevel of independent thought, critical analysis and integration of concepts. Concise, clear, and entirely
relevant to the question. Clear development of arguments, evidence of originality, well supported by
empirical evidence, as well as full awareness of the secondary literature and an ability to make a contribution
to it.